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Rachel Whiteread
Rachel Whiteread, CBE (born 20 April 1963) is an English artist who primarily produces sculptures, which typically take the form of casts. She was the first woman to win the annual Turner Prize in 1993.〔http://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1993〕〔http://www.artspace.com/magazine/art_101/the_scandalous_history_of_the_turner_prize〕
Whiteread is one of the Young British Artists, and exhibited at the Royal Academy's ''Sensation'' exhibition in 1997. Among her most renowned works are ''House'', a large concrete cast of the inside of an entire Victorian house, the holocaust memorial sculpture in Judenplatz Vienna and her resin sculpture for the empty plinth in London's Trafalgar Square.
==Early life and education==
Whiteread was born in 1963 in Ilford, Essex,〔Birth registered in Ilford Registration District in the second quarter of 1963.〕 and raised in the Essex countryside until age seven, when the family moved to London. Her mother, Patricia Whiteread (née Lancaster), who was also an artist, died in 2003 at the age of 72.〔Death registered in Tower Hamlets Registration District in December 2003.〕 Her death had a profound impact on Rachel's work. Her father, Thomas Whiteread, was a geography teacher, polytechnic administrator and lifelong supporter of the Labour Party, who died when Whiteread was studying at art school in 1988.〔Death registered in Islington Registration District in September 1988.〕 She is the third of three sisters – the older two being identical twins.〔
Whiteread studied at the Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Brighton Polytechnic from 1982 to 1985. Though she graduated with a BA in painting, she spent much of her time doing sculpture. She took a workshop on casting with the sculptor Richard Wilson and began to realize the possibilities in casting objects.〔 She was briefly at the Cyprus College of Art. From 1985 to 1987 she studied sculpture at Slade School of Art, University College, London, graduating with an MA in 1987.〔 For a time she worked in Highgate Cemetery fixing lids back onto time-damaged coffins. She began to exhibit in 1987, with her first solo exhibition coming in 1988. She lives and works in a former synagogue in east London with long-term partner and fellow sculptor Marcus Taylor. They have two sons.〔
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